Dilution Formula Calculator

Calculate concentrations and volumes using C₁V₁ = C₂V₂.

Updated: November 2025 • Free Tool

Enter Known Values (Leave Unknown Blank)

Enter any 3 values to solve for the 4th.

Result

Result
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What is the Dilution Formula?

The Dilution Formula (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂) is used to calculate concentrations and volumes when diluting solutions by adding solvent.

It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant during dilution, only the concentration changes as volume increases.

To calculate moles from grams for your initial solution, use our Mole & Molar Mass Calculator.

To find pH of diluted acids or bases, check out our pH & pOH Calculator.

Formula

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

  • C₁: Initial Concentration
  • V₁: Initial Volume
  • C₂: Final Concentration
  • V₂: Final Volume

Key Concepts

  • Conservation of Solute: Moles of solute stay constant during dilution.
  • Concentration Decreases: Adding solvent lowers concentration proportionally.
  • Unit Consistency: All concentrations and volumes must use matching units.

How to Use This Calculator

1

Enter 3 Values

Input any 3 known values.

2

Leave One Blank

The calculator finds the missing value.

3

Get Result

View the calculated unknown value.

Benefits of Using This Calculator

  • Lab Efficiency: Quickly prepare solutions at desired concentrations.
  • Error Prevention: Avoid calculation mistakes in critical experiments.
  • Flexible Input: Solve for any unknown variable from three knowns.

Factors Affecting Results

  • Unit Consistency: Must use same units for volumes and concentrations.
  • Temperature: Volume changes with temperature may affect accuracy.
  • Measurement Precision: Accurate measurements ensure reliable results.
Dilution Formula Calculator C1V1=C2V2
Dilution Formula Calculator interface for calculating solution concentrations and volumes.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: What is the dilution formula?

A: The dilution formula is C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, where C₁ is the initial concentration, V₁ is the initial volume, C₂ is the final concentration, and V₂ is the final volume.

Q: What units can I use?

A: You can use any units for concentration (e.g., M, %, mg/L) and volume (e.g., L, mL), as long as they are consistent on both sides of the equation.

Q: How do I find the amount of solvent to add?

A: The amount of solvent to add is the difference between the final volume (V₂) and the initial volume (V₁). Solvent Added = V₂ - V₁.